From Instructional Technology and Media for Learning by Smaldino, Russell, Heinich, and Molenda (2005)
Learning is a relatively lasting change in capability caused by experience. It is important to note that each learner is different and each will have a different learning process. This process of learning is brought on by the method that is used in that process. Although gaming, simulation, discovery, and problem solving are some examples of methods, cooperative learning and discussion are two types of review.
Cooperative Learning
Instructional Technology and Media for Learning defines Cooperative Learning as an instructional configuration involving small groups of learners working together on learning tasks rather than competing as individuals. This is an important concept and method to use, because learners will eventually be in work places that involve teamwork. Students can discuss texts, view media, and produce media together. Focusing on social skill development will increase student achievement and enhance the students' employability, interpersonal relationships, and general psychological health (Johnson and Johnson, 1990). Here is a video on how to incorporate cooperative learning.
Cooperative learning meets:
physical development
character development
social development
intellectual development
emotional development
Discussion
Discussion is a method that is used commonly in the classroom. Discussion mostly meets social and intellectual development. Students are able to communicate with each other what their ideas are. Discussion is also a great way of assessing what the students have learned.
Activities that can be used for discussion include:
Videotapes
Postpresentation
Lectures
Field Trips
Labs
Environmental Communication: Messages, Media, and Methods by Lea J. Parker
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